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Query: UMLS:C0221168 (
podagra
)
60
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
A 46-years old male presented with an attack of
gout
(knee arthritis or gonagra). It is interesting that the patient was HLA B27 positive antigen found a couple of years ago, but on admission he had a normal findings of uric acid in serum, while cytological examination of synovial fluid obtained from knee joint no urates were found. Therefore, diagnostically besides
gout
arthritis a reactive arthritis as well as other connective tissue diseases were considered. In further diagnostic procedure arthroscopy was performed and in biopsy specimen from the cyst of lateral condyle of right femur urates were found. One day after the arthroscopy was performed a clear clinical picture of
podagra
developed. After the diagnosis was made the treatment of
gout
arthritis with Indometacyn began, and with improvement of inflammation, surgery was performed--cyst excochelation of lateral condyle of right femur with filling of the defect with an autologous graft from iliac crest.
...
PMID:[Case report of a patient with knee gout]. 1155 5
The kidneys, the bladder and nephrology in general were discussed in the Talmudic literature from their anatomical, pathological and philological aspects. The Sages' deliberations were based on the Biblical texts. The characteristic phraseology of the scriptures uses the kidneys as symbols of the human emotions, contrary to the heart, which is regarded as the location of wisdom. The kidney is considered to be the individual's seat of their deepest desires--perhaps because it is an "internal" organ, well hidden, surrounded by a capsule and by a layer of perinephric fat. The Talmudic corpus considers the kidneys to be the origin of secret counsels--"the kidneys advise". An injury to the kidneys is used symbolically as an example of a cruel and serious injury. The sages were concerned with nephrological problems such as a diseased kidney of small size, fluid and pus in the kidney, injuries, perforations and more. Fascinating advice is given regarding micturition, its timing, characteristics and significance. The Halakhah is concerned with the kidneys during the examination of an animal after slaughter for the fitness for its ritual consumption. The paper presents various nephrological diseases from the Talmudic corpus. Among them are, for example, "Tzemirtha"--urolithiasis; "Hydrakon"--hydronephrosis; "Suskhinta"--urinary retention; "Tzinit"--
podagra
,
gout
, and "Yerakon"--icterus. A survey of some Talmudic personalities will exemplify the existence of these conditions.
...
PMID:The history of nephrology in the Talmudic corpus. 1209 28
The negative association between
gout
and rheumatoid arthritis is widely accepted, and
gout
is also speculated to be rare in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), as only a few sporadic cases have been reported. From 1985 to 2001 we encountered 15 lupus patients at Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, including two with lupus-scleroderma and one with lupus-scleroderma-polymyositis overlap syndrome coexisting with
gout
. This study retrospectively analyses the clinical and laboratory characteristics of these patients. A lower female predominance is found, and most patients developed
gout
after the onset of SLE, although
gout
preceded SLE in two cases. Measurement of serum uric acid and 24-h urine uric acid found all of the patients to be hyperuricaemic and underexcretors of uric acid. Furthermore, most of the patients (14/15) were receiving diuretics. Also, many had hypertension and serious cardiovascular diseases. Renal impairment during gouty attacks seemed to be a predisposing factor for developing end-stage renal disease. Gouty arthritis usually occurred during relative SLE inactivity,
podagra
was frequent, and tophi were found in a few patients. Compared with the unselected population of SLE patients, the cases studied here had a higher incidence of chronic arthritis, malar rash, haematologic disorder, photosensitivity, serositis and neurologic disorder. Renal disease in the patients sampled was frequently membranous nephropathy.
...
PMID:Gout in systemic lupus erythematosus and overlap syndrome - a hospital-based study. 1457 59
Podagra
is a term used to describe acute monoarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal (1st MTP) joint. The most common diagnoses of arthritis in this joint are: crystal-induced synovitis, septic arthritis, traumatic conditions and reactive arthritis. When etiologies other than
gout
are involved this is frequently referred to as pseudopodagra. We report the case of a patient who presented with pain and swelling of the 1st MTP The absence of intraarticular crystals and hyperuricemia encouraged further evaluation of the patient. A cardiac murmur was investigated by echocardiography, which revealed valvular vegetations and the diagnosis of infective endocarditis (IE) was established. This is the first reported case of a
podagra
-like presentation of IE. As in this case, the diagnosis of
gout
should rest on findings beyond the presence at 1st MTP arthritis, with evaluation of all extraarticular signs in order to rule out other possible diagnoses.
...
PMID:Pseudopodagra: A presenting manifestation of infective endocarditis. 1589
First identified by the Egyptians in 2640 BC,
podagra
(acute
gout
occurring in the first metatarsophalangeal joint) was later recognized by Hippocrates in the fifth century BC, who referred to it as 'the unwalkable disease'. The term is derived from the Latin word gutta (or 'drop'), and referred to the prevailing medieval belief that an excess of one of the four 'humors'--which in equilibrium were thought to maintain health--would, under certain circumstances, 'drop' or flow into a joint, causing pain and inflammation. Throughout history,
gout
has been associated with rich foods and excessive alcohol consumption. Because it is clearly associated with a lifestyle that, at least in the past, could only be afforded by the affluent,
gout
has been referred to as the 'disease of kings'. Although there is evidence that colchicine, an alkaloid derived from the autumn crocus (Colchicum autumnale), was used as a powerful purgative in ancient Greece more than 2000 years ago, its first use as a selective and specific treatment for
gout
is attributed to the Byzantine Christian physician Alexander of Tralles in the sixth century AD. Uricosuric agents were first used at the end of the 19th century. In the modern era, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are usually the drugs of choice for treating acute
gout
. Perhaps the most important historical advance in the treatment of hyperuricemia was the development of xanthine oxidase inhibitors, which are effective in reducing plasma and urinary urate levels and have been shown to reverse the development of tophaceous deposits.
...
PMID:A concise history of gout and hyperuricemia and their treatment. 1682 40
The majority of patients with
gout
are cared for by primary care physicians. Although both the physician and patient may easily recognize the acute arthritis of
gout
, errors in selecting the most appropriate medication and proper dose are common. The clinical stages of
gout
include asymptomatic hyperuricemia, intermittent gouty arthritis, and chronic tophaceous
gout
. Treatment of
gout
is usually considered after the first attack of arthritis, typically
podagra
. The aims of treatment are to alleviate the pain and inflammation associated with acute attacks, prevent future attacks, and decrease uric acid levels. Confusion frequently arises because certain medications such as colchicine may have dual purposes: to treat an acute attack and to suppress future attacks. The purpose of this management update is to provide practical advice about prescribing the proper medication considering both treatment goals and patient comorbidities.
...
PMID:Updates in the management of gout. 1797 6
Inscriptions of Sanationes from Sanctuaries of god Asclepius, testifying to the gratitude of patients to the divinity, present a situation, albeit fragmentary, of main diseases which physicians thought incurable or hardly curable. Sterility, calvities, worms, paralysis, as well as clinical disorders caused by rheuma appear, along with
gout
/
podagra
, in many inscriptions too. To counter them, patients asked for the intervention of Asclepius.
...
PMID:[Inscriptions of Sanationes from Sanctuaries of god Asclepius. Miraculous recoveries of rheuma diseases]. 1843 28
Clinically,
gout
is generally considered as a preferential male disease. However, it definitely does not occur exclusively in males. Our aim was to assess differences in the clinical features of
gout
arthritis between female and male patients. Five electronic databases were searched to identify relevant original studies published between 1977 and 2007. The included studies had to focus on adult patients with primary
gout
arthritis and on sex differences in clinical features. Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility and quality of the studies. Out of 355 articles, 14 were selected. Nine fulfilled the quality and score criteria. We identified the following sex differences in the clinical features of
gout
in women compared to men: the onset of
gout
occurs at a higher age, more comorbidity with hypertension or renal insufficiency, more often use of diuretics, less likely to drink alcohol, less often
podagra
but more often involvement of other joints, less frequent recurrent attacks. We found interesting sex differences regarding the clinical features of patients with
gout
arthritis. To diagnose
gout
in women, knowledge of these differences is essential, and more research is needed to understand and explain the differences , especially in the general population.
...
PMID:"Clinical features of women with gout arthritis." A systematic review. 2008 41
Many patients with
gout
present with an acute attack (flare) of gouty arthritis. In its early stages,
gout
is a chronic, often silent disorder punctuated by acute, extremely painful arthritic flares. Over time, untreated or insufficiently treated
gout
may progress, with more frequent flares and formation of urate crystal deposits (tophi) and associated chronic, deforming arthritis (gouty arthropathy). About 20% of patients with
gout
have urinary tract stones and can develop an interstitial urate nephropathy.
Gout
(also called urate crystal deposition disease) is characterized by reduced renal clearance or, less frequently, an overproduction of uric acid. When the serum urate acid (sUA) level persistently exceeds 6.8 mg/dL, extracellular fluids become saturated and hyperuricemia occurs. Hyperuricemia is also very common among adult men and postmenopausal women, most of whom remain asymptomatic with respect to
gout
throughout their lives. Nevertheless, hyperuricemia is the major risk factor for
gout
because it predisposes to urate crystal formation and deposition, particularly in and around joints and in other soft tissue structures. The symptoms and signs of
gout
result from acute and chronic inflammatory responses of the body to urate crystal deposits. Although any joint may be affected, the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint of the great toe (
podagra
) is the first joint affected in half of all cases. One major goal in managing
gout
is to treat the pain of acute flares aggressively with anti-inflammatory agents to reduce flare intensity and duration. In addition, most patients with
gout
eventually require long-term treatment with urate-lowering therapy (ULT) to reverse the chronic urate crystal deposition and to prevent recurrent flares that can cause permanent joint damage.
...
PMID:What do I need to know about gout? 2054 70
Joint diseases in antiquity and the Renaissance were generally known by the all-encompassing term,
gout
(
podagra
or gotta). Only in later centuries was there a differentiation in the types of joint diseases, distinguishing
gout
in the modern sense from other arthritic and rheumatic disorders. The present article illustrates one pictorial representation of joint disease from the early sixteenth century, a case that seems typical of gouty tophi.
...
PMID:The Gouty Joseph in Giulio Romano's 'Holy Family'. 2181 10
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